Self-calking joint for concrete pipe



Dec. 13, 1927.

2 sheets-snm 1 Filed Dec. 14, 1926 -.ni I

j BY

a.) L/ ATTORNEYS Nv NToR Zi-anges 35i errar@ y l" AW,

Dern 13, 19,27.

l F. H. SHERRERD rslam? cALxINGVJoINT'FoR CONCRETE PIPE Filed Dec. 14. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ....U.. u. ,lA

Patented Dec, 13, 1927. o

UNITED` STATES PA 1,652,418 TENT oFFIcE.

FRANCIS H. SHERRERD,`OF EAST ORANGE. NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR T NEWARK CON- CRETE PIPE C0., OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION 0F NEW JERSEY.

SELF-CALKING JOINT FOR CONCRETE yIE'IPE.

Application filed December 14, 1926. Serial No. 154,775.

This invention relates to improvements in joint structure for concrete and similar' pipe; and the invention has reference, more partioularly, to an improved construction of selfcalking joint for such pipe.

The invention has for its principal object to provide, in connection w1tl1 cooperating bell and Spigots ends of adjoining concrete pipe sections, a novel joint Structure which is self-sealing or self-calking when such adjoining sections are secured together, whereby the connection is rendered efficiently fluid-tight under conditions of use, and

whereby the connection 'is especially suitable for subaqueous work.

The invention has for a further object to providea novel construction of self-calking fluid-tight joint, which will permit of some displacement of adjoining pipe sections from normal true alignment or grade, without danger of opening up the joint or impairing its pressure resisting efficiency.

Other objects of this invention, not at this timeV more articularly enumerated, will be clearly undlrstood from the following detailed description of the same.

The invention isillustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a longitudinal section of adjoined bell and spigot ends of pipe sections, illustrating one embodiment of the novel self-calking joint structure made according to this invention.

Figure 2 is asimilar longitudinalsection, showing another form of the novel selfcalking joint which also embodies the principles of this invention.

'In the drawings, the reference characters 3 and 4 respectively indicate adjoining pipe or conduit sections. Imbedded in the material composing the pipe or conduit section 3 is a metallic spigot-ring 5, which is preferably made of cast-iron. The spigot-ring 5 is of substantially less diameter than the outside diameter of the pipe or conduit section 3, and-its outer end portion extends longitudinally beyond the external lshoulder \6 of the latter. Said spigot-ring -is formed to provide' an external annular abutment or stop-Hange 7, which is rearwardly spaced from the outer free end thereof, and which vis preferablypositioned adjacent to the juncture of said external shoulder 6 of the pipeor conduit section with said spigot-ring. AWhen the pipe or conduit section 3 is com- .preferably made of lead posed of reenforced concrete, the longitudinal metallic reenforcing rods 8 thereof are sultably secured or anchored to the inner imbedded end 9 of said spigot-ring.

Imbedded in the material composing the pipe or conduit section 4 is a metallic bell'- ring 10, which is also preferably made of Cast-iron.- This bell-ring is of substantially greater diameter than the inside diameter of said pipe or conduit section 4, and its outer end portion extends longitudinally beyond the internal shoulder 11 of the latter. Said bell-ring 10 is formed to provide an internal annular abutment or-stop-flange 12, which 1s rearwardly spaced from the outer free end thereof, and which is preferably positioned adjacent to lthe juncture of `said internal shoulder 11 of the pipe or conduit section 4 with said hell-ring. lVhen the pipe or conduit sectlon 4 is composed of reenforced concrete, the adjacent ends of the longitudinal metallic reenforcin rods 8, the opposite ends of which are anc ored to the spigotring at kthe opposite end of such pipe or conduit section 4, are in like manner suitably secured or anchored to the inner inibedded end 13 of said bell-ring 10.

The diameter of the bell-ring 10 at one end of a pipe or conduit section is in excess of( the diameter of the spigot-ring 5 at the cooperating end of an adjoining pipe or conduit, so that the latter will loosely enter or telescope into the former when said pipe or conduit sections are joined together.

Supported on the exposed outer surface of said spigot-ring 5, so 'as to abut against the stop-fiange 7 thereof, is an externally beveled soft metal gasket 14. This gasket 14 is in hollow form,

within which is disposed a core 15 of fibrous material. The external beveled surface 16 s of said gasket tapers from the inner butt end thereof toward the outer free end of said j* spigot-ring 5.

Supported/on the exposed inner surface 'of said bell-ring 10,.so as to4 abut against the internally stop-harige 12 thereof, is an beveled soft metal gasket 17, which is also preferably made of lead in hollow form, and within which is disposed a core 18 of fibrous material. The internal beveled surface 19 of said `gasket 17 tapers from the inner butt end thereof toward the outer free end of said bell-ring 10.

Connected with the' spigot end of the pipe or conduit section 3 are a pair of diametrically opposite laterally and outwardly projecting eye-members 20, the inner ends of which are suitably imbedded and anchored in the body of said pipe or conduit section 3. Connected, in like manner, with the bell end of the adjoining pipe or conduit section 4 are a pair of diametrically opposite laterally and outwardly projecting eye-members 21, the inner ends of which are suitably imbedded or anchored in the body of said pipe or conduit section, so that, when said pipe or conduit sections are joined together the said eye-members 21 of one section will be longitudinally opposed to the eye-members 20 of the adjoining section, and so that tiebolts 22, with fastening nuts 23, may bc operatively engaged between the thus longi-` tudinally opposed pairs of eye-members 20 and 21.

When, in laying the pipe or conduit., the cooperating spigot and bell ends of adjoining sections are brought together, the oppositely beveled faces of the respective gaskets 14 and 17 thereof are caused to meet, so that when the tie-bolts 22 are passed through the longitudinally opposed eye-members 2O and 21, and the fastening nuts 23 applied and screwed home, 4the said cooperating spigot and bell ends will be drawn together, and, since the gaskets 14 and 17 are backed by the respective stop-anges 7 and 12, the same will be forced one toward the other. As the gaskets 14 and 17 thus move together, owing to their oppositely directed wedge-like conformation and their comparatively soft character, they will be very tightly compacted. both against the respective spigot and bell rings by which they are supported, as well as in relation one to the other. As a consequence of the above described functioning, the cooperating gaskets 14 and 17 operate to very tightly seal the joint between the cooperating` spigot and bell ends of adjoining pipe or conduit sections, and render said ends selt-calking. By this arrangement an exceedingly efficient Huid-tight joint is produced in a very simple and easy manner, and without necessity for employing especially skilled labor.

It is a known fact that in laid pipo or conduit, especially under subaqueous conditions of use, relative displacements of adjoining sections from true axial alignment frequently occur, and that such displacements frequently entail weakening or opening up of joints whereby leakage results. In connection with my novel `self-calking joint structure I have provided, an arrangement adapted to permit of some relative displacej ment of the adjoining pipe or conduit sections without risk of disturbing or impairing the fluid-tight condition of the joint. In this connection it will be noticed that the externally beveledspigot gasket 14 provides the ball element while the internally beveled bell gasket 17 provides the socket element of a joint structure similar in effect and operation to a so-called ball and socket joint, so that movement of the one relative to the other will be permitted, the soft character of the said gaskets permitting the same to accommodate themselves one to the other, under such circumstances, without separation of their meeting faces. In order to permit of such relative movement ot' the adjoining pipe or conduit sections in one plane, the eye-members 2O are disposed so as to be transversely aligned on a line a: intersecting the center 0 of an arc jl/ substantially passing between the meeting faces of the cooperating gaskets 1l and 17 (as shown in Figure' 1) while the eye-members 2l are disposed so as to be transversely aligned on a line s tangent to the arc 3/ (as is also shown in Figure 1). It is preferable that the eye-portions of said eye-members 20 and 21 possess a swiveling connection with the anchor end-portions thereof. Owing to the above described arrangement and location of the eye-members 20 and 21, it will be clearly apparent that adjoining pipe or conduit sections are rendered capable of `relative divergence from true axial alignment in a plane at right angles to the plane of the eye-members 20 and 21.

Referring now to Fi ure 2 of the 'drawings, there is illustratet therein a slightly modified construction and arrangement of my novel self-calking joint. In this form ot joint I provide in the spigot ends of the pipe or conduit sections a metallic spigot-ring 24; provided with an outward extension 25 ot reduced diameter forming a stop-shoulder 2G. The externally beveled gasket 14 is mounted on the extension 25 with its rearward end abutting said stop-shoulder 26. Laterally and outwardly projecting eye-members 20 are provided with threaded shanks 20 to screw into the body of said spigot-ring 24, so that the same are directly secured and anchored in connection therewith. In a similar manner, the bell ends of the pipe or conduit sections are provided with a. metallic bell-ring 27 having an outward extension 28 at the rear end of which is formed a stop- '1 shoulder 29. The internally beveled gasket 17 is mounted on the inner side of said extension 28 with its rear end abutting said stopshoulder 29. Laterally and outwardly projecting eye-members 21 are provided with threaded Shanks 21l to screw into the body of said bell-ring 27, so.. that the same are directly secured and anchored in connection with the latter. The reenforcing rods 8 of the pipe or conduit sections thus equipped may be suitably secured by their ends to the finnerends of said spigot and bell rings respectively. Tie-bolts 22 and lfastening nuts 23 are provided to cooperate with the longitudinally opposed eye-members 20 and 7y 21', when cooperating spigot and bell portions of adjoining pipe or conduit sections are operatively assembled together. The advantages of and manner in which the above described modified form of self-call;- ing joint functions is substantially the same as described in connection with the first mentioned construction, except that the pull of the tightened tie-bolts 22 is transmitted through the eye-members 20 and 2l directly to the cooperating spigot'and bell rings 24 and 27.

In some classes of Work the eye-members and connecting tie-bolts may be omitted, in which case the bell and spigot rings of adjoining pipe or conduit sections may be forced together when laying the pipe by any suitable method. l

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. A self-calking joint for adjoining ends of concrete pipe sectlons, comprising a metallic spigot-ring imbedded in an end of one pipe section, said spigot-ring having an external stop-shoulder spaced inwardly from its outer free end, a metallic bell-ring imbedded in an'end of an adjoining pipe section, said bell-ring having an internal stop-shoulder spaced inwardly from its outer free end,

said bell-ring being adapted to loosely receive said spigot-ring when the adjoining ends of said pipe sections are brought together, oppositely beveled soft-metal gaskets interposedA in meeting relation between said spigot and bell-rings, one-gasket being backed by said stop-shoulder of said spigotring and the other gasket being backed by said stop-shoulder of said bell-ring whereby the same are wedged together in calking relation to and between said rings when the latter are drawn together. j

2. A self-calking joint for adjoining ends of concrete pipe sections, comprising a metallic spigot-ring imbedded in an end of one pipe section, said spigot-ring having an external stop-shoulder spaced inwardly from its outer free end, a metallic bell-ring imbedded in an end of anadjoining pipe'section, said bell-ring having an internal stop-shoulder spaced inwardly from its outer free end,

' said bell-ring beingadapted to loosely receive said spigot-ring when the adjoining ends of said pipe sections are brought together, oppositely beveled soft-metal gaskets interposed in meeting relation between said spigot and bell-rings, one `gasket being backed by said stop-shoulder of said spigot-ring and the other gasket being backed by said stopshoulder of said bell-ring whereby the same ""are wedged together in calking relation to and between said rings when the latter'are drawn together, and means to both draw andv hold together said adjoining pipe sections and their respective 'spigot and bell-rings.

3. A self-calking` joint for adjoining ends Vpipe section, said spigot-ring having an external stop-shoulder spaced inwardly from its outer free end, a metallic bell-ring imbedded in an end of an adjoining pipe section, said bell-ring having an internal stopshoulder spaced inwardly from its outer free end, said bell-ring being adapted to loosely receive said spigot-ring when the adjoining ends of said pipe sections are brought together, oppositely beveled soft-metal gaskets interposed in meeting-relation between said spigot and bell-rings, one gasket being backed by said stop-shoulder of said spigotring and the other gasket being backed by said stop-shoulder of said hell-ring whereby the same are wedged together 'in calking relation to and between said rings when the latter are drawn together, laterally and ex-4 teriorly projecting diametrically opposite eye-members secured in connection withv each pipe section, and tie-bolts connected between longitudinally aligned eye-members of adjoining pipe sections.

4. In a self-calking joint as defined by claim 8, in which the eye-members of one pipe section are aligned on a line intersecting the center of an arc passing substantially between the cooperating meeting faces of the gaskets of the joint, while the eye-members ofthe adjoining pipe section are aligned on a parallel line tangent to said are.

5. A self-calking joint for adjoining ends of concrete pipe sections, comprising a metallic spigot-ring imbedded in an end of one pipe section, 'said spigot-ring having an external stop-shoulder spaced inwardly from its oter, free end, a metallic bell-ring imbedded inan end of an adjoining pipe section, said bell-ring` having an internal stopshoulder spaced inwardly from its outer free end, said bell-ring being adapted to loosely receive said spigot-ring when the adjoining ends of said pipe sections are brought together, an externally beveled annular hollow gasket of soft metal provided with a fibrous core mounted on the exterior side of said spigot-ring so as lto be backed by its stop-shoulder, an internally and op ositely beveled annular hollow gasket `of so t metal provided with a fibrous core mounted o n the interior side of said bell-ringsofas to be backed by its stop-shoulder, and means for drawing saidadjolning pipe sections together to compel said gaskets to wedge together and between said spigot and bell-rings.

6. A self-calking joint for adjoining ends of concrete pipe sections, comprising a metallic spigot-ring imbedded in a end of one pipe section, said spigot-ring having an external stop-shoulder spaced inwardly from its outer free. end, a metallic bell-ring imbedded in an end of an adjoining pipe section, said bell-ring having an internal stopshoulder spaced inwardly from its outer free end, said bell-ring being adapted to loosely receive said spigot-ring when the adjoining ends of said pipe sections are brought together, an externally beveled annular hollow gasket of soft metal provided with a fibrous core mounted on the exterior side of said spigot-ring so as to be backed by its stop-shoulder, an internally and oppositely beveled annularhollow gasket of soft metal provided with a fibrous core mounted on the interior side of said bell-ring so as to be backed by its stop-shoulder, means for drawing said adjoining pipe sections together to compel said gaskets to Wedge together and between said spigot and bell rings, comprising laterally and exteriorly diainetrically opposite eye-members having Shanks threaded into the bodies of said spigot and bellrings, and tie-bolts connected between longitudinally aligned eye-members of the adjoined pipe sections.

7. In a self-calking joint as defined by claim 6, in which the eye-members of one pipe section are aligned on a line intersect ing the center of an are passing substantially between the cooperating meeting faces of the gaskets of the joint, while the eye-members ot' the adjoining pipe section are aligned on a parallel line tangent to said arc.

In testimony, that I claim the invention set forth above l have hereunto set my hand this 26th day of November, 1926.

FRANCIS H. SHERRERD 

